Welder / Metal Fabricator
Join and shape metal using welding processes and fabrication techniques to create structural components, pipework, frameworks, and bespoke metalwork for construction and industry.
High
Low
2–3 years via apprenticeship or college course; coded welder qualification (CSWIP/TWI) typically adds 1 year
Level 2 or 3 NVQ (Performing Engineering Operations; Welding and Fabrication)
possible
What you do
Welders and metal fabricators use processes including MIG, TIG, and MMA welding to join metals, and fabrication techniques including cutting, drilling, grinding, rolling, and folding to create metal components and assemblies. Work spans structural steelwork for construction, stainless steel pipework for food and pharmaceutical industries, bespoke decorative metalwork, automotive repair, and maintenance of industrial plant. TIG welders working with stainless or aluminium can command significantly higher rates for precision work.
Why this career is resilient
While robotic welding exists in high-volume production environments, the majority of UK welding work is in maintenance, repair, construction, and bespoke fabrication — environments where variety, physical access, and problem-solving make hand welding essential. The UK faces a well-documented shortage of coded and qualified welders, and aerospace, energy, and construction employers consistently cite this as a constraint.
A typical day
A day in a fabrication shop begins with interpreting drawings, marking out and cutting steel sections, fitting up the assembly, tacking and welding in sequence, grinding and dressing welds, and final inspection. On-site welding involves more logistical preparation and adapting to conditions.
Routes in
Apprenticeship
Earn while you learn: work with an employer and study part-time, leading to a nationally recognised qualification. Typically funded by the government and your employer.
Full-time college course
Study full-time at a further education college, usually for 1–2 years. You will need to fund yourself or apply for a student loan (available for Level 4+ courses).
Pay and costs
Earning potential: Trained welders earn £26,000–£38,000. Coded or specialist TIG welders earn £35,000–£55,000+. Offshore, nuclear, and aerospace welders can earn £60,000–£80,000+ with allowances.
Training costs: Apprenticeship: no upfront cost. College: £1,500–£3,000 for Level 2 + 3. Coded welder testing: £500–£1,500 depending on process. PPE and personal tools: £300–£800.